Know the Rules of the Road and Safety on the Water
A practical boating safety guide to help you understand basic navigation rules, avoid common hazards, and protect passengers, swimmers, and other vessels.
Rules of the Road (Navigation Basics)
- Maintain a proper lookout: watch ahead and to the sides; assign a spotter when towing.
- Operate at a safe speed: slow down in busy areas, near docks, and in reduced visibility.
- Know right-of-way: understand crossing, overtaking, and head-on situations.
- Follow markers and buoys: respect channel markers, no-wake zones, and swim areas.
Safety on the Water
- Wear life jackets: ensure a properly fitted USCG-approved PFD for each person onboard.
- Plan before you go: check weather, fuel levels, and your float plan.
- Avoid distractions: keep your attention on traffic, swimmers, and hazards.
- Stay sober: alcohol and boating do not mix—operator impairment is dangerous.
Common Situations to Know
Crossing paths
If another vessel is approaching from your right (starboard) side, you typically give way and avoid crossing in front. Always take early, obvious action to prevent close-quarters situations.
Overtaking
The overtaking vessel keeps clear. Pass at a safe distance and speed—especially near paddlecraft, swimmers, and anchored boats.
Swim and diver areas
Respect posted swim zones and diver flags. Slow down, keep distance, and if in doubt, stop and assess.
Reminder: Local rules can vary by state and waterway. Always follow posted signs and local requirements.
Quick Safety Checklist
- Life jackets onboard and accessible
- Sound signal device (horn/whistle)
- Navigation lights working (if needed)
- Fire extinguisher (if required)
- Anchor, line, and basic tools
- Float plan shared with someone on shore